Enterprise Book Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Undertaking Book - Case Study Example particle through top notch administrations, for example, through quick exchanges and support of the staff, the ESQi gives the fitting condition that helps in satisfying this target (Exhibit 3). This is on the grounds that it is attached to the whole organization’s fundamental procedures including representative remuneration. Consumer loyalty, regarding ESQi, turned into the fundamental plan where the clients were reached to give input on their experience when being served by the organization. Accordingly, the directors got liable for the scores. The instrument was likewise the principle determinant of whether a worker could be advanced where a decent score of the subject employee’s branch would ensure advancement after they had been working in the organization for a predetermined period. This suggests the compensations were attached to the individual’s execution in the obligations doled out. This method of pay incited the representatives to work additional time t han what had been indicated by the organization in order to expand the odds of advancement and more significant compensations coming about because of the branch’s execution. This framework would be successful if the organization guarantees that all representatives are very much aware of its activities and on the off chance that it is followed precisely. This is on the grounds that it has started expanded inspiration to the point that the representatives are happy to work longer than the organization has specified. Moreover, it starts a responsibility among the workers, which would work as an upper hand for Enterprise. The most significant issue regarding rising issues in the market is the possibility of union between two primary players that incorporate DTG and Vanguard. The merger may introduce a huge danger to Enterprise albeit free endeavors by either DTG or Vanguard don't gauge to Enterprises’ activities (Exhibit 1). This could be a principle danger since blend of activity implies mix of administrative thoughts where such a merger could bring about an exceptionally solid administrative practice to

Jamaican Culture and Society Essay examples -- American History

Jamaican Culture and Society I. Presentation Retracing the Remnants of Colonialism: While examining and breaking down contemporary Caribbean culture one must not neglect to recognize the loathsome heritages of expansionism and government. Contemporary Caribbean culture, governmental issues, and financial matters meagerly cover the repercussions of a frontier and authoritative past. Because of the remainders of pilgrim establishments, for example, servitude and the ranch framework, the Caribbean has encountered a scope of negative cultural impacts, in particular the solidification of a binding together social character. The end of imperialism in the Caribbean didn't check the finish of social delineation dependent on racial and ethnic divisions. The predominant racial qualifications and chain of importance that described imperialism through the organization of bondage have generally frustrated any orderly endeavor to make a particular national social personality. Along these lines, this investigation of the Jamaican culture and society will personally relate racial p hilosophies and social class structures so as to represent the elements of the Jamaican social character emergency. II. The Emergence and Implications of a Social Caste System: The post-pilgrim period in the Caribbean represented the test of making country states with flourishing social orders that would meet the wants and fates of their occupants. Jamaica, which as of late accomplished its freedom from Great Britain in 1962, was in fact no special case to this test. Truth be told, Jamaica, in the same way as other of its Caribbean partners, had an exorbitant trouble in making and keeping up a solid, strong national reasonableness (Knight, 307). The trouble of making a firm national personality at first developed in the post-liberation period in J... ...liography- Selections taken from: Michelle Cliff’s exposition, On the off chance that I Could Write This With Fire. Henriques, Fernando. Jamaica: Land of Wood and Water. Maggibbon and Kee: London. 1957 Knight, Franklin. The Caribbean: The Genesis of a Fragmented Nationalism. Oxford University Press: New York, 1990. Lawson, Winston Arthur. Religion and Race: African and European Roots in Conflict-A Jamaican Testament. Dwindle Lang Publishing: New York, 1996. Morris, Mervyn. Making West Indian Literature University of the West Indies 2013. Web 9 May 2015. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1280&context=anthurium Nettleford, Rex. Caribbean Cultural Identity: The instance of Jamaica-An Essay in Cultural Dynamics. UCLA Publications: Los Angeles. Nettleford, Rex. Personality, Race and Protest in Jamaica. William Morrow and Company: New York, 1972.

The Greek System

The Greek System Hey guys, Recently in the media, there has been a lot of negative  attention aimed at the Greek community nationwide. A few  bad eggs have given people a less than pleasant perception  about Greek life as a whole, but the truth of the matter is that these very public examples of Greek life are really only a small sample size. My goal for this post is in no way, shape, or form intended to recruit kids coming to college to join Greek life. I fully comprehend that its not for everyone, and thats fineâ€"to each their own. Instead, my aim is to teach people that going Greek is no different than joining any other student-run organization. In the rush process, there are interviews, there is an executive board that runs the chapter, there are chair positions that execute specific jobs to aid in the running of the chapter, and there is an alumni base that offers support to its undergrad counterparts. However, the real focus of Greek life is to be a supplemental part of the collegiate education system and to assist in developing young men and women into functioning members of society. I believe that becoming part of the Greek community  is something that will augment ones  college experiences in a positive manner. When I first came to Illinois, it was my first time spending more than a week away from home by myself. At that point in my life, joining a fraternity had never even crossed my mind. This was true until I started exploring campus. When I came across the fraternity I would one day be a proud member of, I was oblivious. All I saw was a kid in a t-shirt from a high school near where I lived back home. Wanting to meet a new friend, I walked up to the kid and was instantly hooked. Now, people can brush my experience off as a simple rush tactic implemented on an impressionable college freshman, but I see it as more. The immediate and genuine friendship I experienced that day and those I’ve enjoyed for the past three years have been some of my fondest memories of college. For me, Greek life has always been about camaraderie, the personal development of my brothers and myself, and helping each other as much as we can to succeed in both our personal lives as well as our academic and professional lives. For this reason, I think it would be wrong if some incoming freshmen turned a blind eye to even the possibility of joining a Greek organization because of a false perception they might have of the Greek community. Until next time, Kenny Kenny Class of 2016 I’m in the Creative Writing program in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. I’m originally from Tampa, Florida, but I’ve been calling Illinois my home since 1998. I’ve lived all over the Northwest suburbs, from Palatine to Lakemoor to where I currently live back home, Mundelein.

Identifying The Search For An Keyword Search Tool

A. Email messages A forensic accountant could use a few different techniques to assist in reducing the volume of email messages he or she has to examine. One technique they could utilize is using a keyword search. This is probably the easiest to implement in searching for specific emails. Keyword search tools generally come in two types, indexed or not indexed. An indexed keyword search tool depends on the index that it created in order to actually locate documents having the specific search terms. A non-indexed keyword search scans through the document with each search iteration to determine whether the specific term exists. They keyword search will accurately find documents within the search criteria, however the documents may not have any relevance to what the forensic accountant is actually looking for. Therefore, the forensic accountant wants to be sure he or she is utilizing specific key words to find the evidence he or she is looking for. Another method is context search. The context search adds context to the search criteria. â€Å"Context search helps improve the keyword search solution by addressing the problems present in keyword searches related to synonymy and polysemy. Synonymy is a common linguistic issue where different words are used to express the same concept, and polysemy is where the same word can have different meanings† (Fordham, 2013). The context search method combines several advance techniques in a simple user interface, making searchesShow MoreRelatedOnline Tools For Search Engines1251 Words   |  6 PagesKeyword Choice Keyword phrase selection involves identifying and selecting group of keywords that can be used in optimization of websites. This process requires time to find a good set of phrases which offer two important factors: more usage by researchers and low competition in search engines. [6] Users use keywords to find the target websites or solutions to their problems. Search engines also utilizes keywords as search criteria to retrieve the results for websites. Therefore, main keyword needsRead MoreThe Five Pillars Of Seo1430 Words   |  6 Pagesthese strategies are based on market trends, best practices, and industry research. Creating SEO campaigns and implementing them can be surprisingly difficult. You need to do keyword research, craft compelling content that appeals to your audience, and build a diversified backlink portfolio to optimize your website for search. But how do you apply relevance to these SEO strategies and turn them into action? By creating a fictional company, we can provide real life examples on ways to transfer theRead MoreIdentifying A Google Penalty Essay1654 Words   |  7 PagesIdentifying a Google penalty A Google penalty can be the stuff that nightmares are made of. It can quite literally stop your website in its tracks, but there’s something that can sometimes feel worse than having a Google penalty slammed onto your website and that’s actually having to identify your Google penalty. The first step you need to take, before you actively do something is to find out just where you stand. Look at your sales and your traffic and ask yourself if either have dropped suddenlyRead MoreSearch Engine Optimization, Or Seo1597 Words   |  7 PagesSearch Engine Optimization, or SEO, is â€Å"a technical marketing discipline, the purpose of which is to make a website relevant, reachable, and visible to users searching for keywords and topics.† (Linkdex). With an average of 3 billion web queries each day, internet search is critical for a business to gain edge over its competition. SEO has become the standard for marketers as a way to be found in search to attract qualified t raffic and leads. From a business perspective, SEO cannot be treated asRead MoreMarket Samurai : An Userguide For All Newbie1225 Words   |  5 PagesNewbie Market Samurai is one of the most effective keyword analysis tools that would help you to find bight opportunities in the market and is going to help you to avoid dead end projects before you begin. It is known to be a strong keyword research tool that is popularly available from Noble Samurai which is a targeted internet marketing group. Market Samurai is a standalone SEO keyword tool that helps you to research for some of the best keywords that are available in the industry and helps you toRead MoreWhat Is Digital Pr?689 Words   |  3 Pagesalso be referred to as Online PR. Online PR involves activities geared towards influencing media, communities and audiences that exist solely on the Internet, using online mediums. It includes search engines, blogs, news search, forums, discussion threads, social networks and other online communication tools. Brand reputation monitoring and management is also a focus area for online PR. Digital PR is extremely useful in enhancing one’s organizations online reputation, delivering key messages toRead MoreTop 5 Free Android Apps for SEO and Online Marketers Essay575 Words   |  3 Pageshard work as well as complete knowledge on SEO process. SEO industry is now being considered as a very challenging market after the quality concerned intellectual algorithm updates from the search engines. So, as an online marketer or SEO consultant you need to sweat more for your clients to rank high on search engines and social media feeds. Going mobile is a good idea to keep up with the SEO campaigns. And the new technologies like mobile apps are really helping the inbound experts to be updatedRead MoreSearch Engines For Search Engine Optimization1041 Words   |  5 PagesMany people use search engines as a starting point for navigating the web, making search engines a crucial link in connecting content providers and users. This has spurred a sizable literature on search mar keting that studies clicking behavior at search engines. To date, most of this literature has concentrated on the sponsored links that are typically displayed alongside organic links when consumers conduct searches. SEO, which stands for search engine optimization, is the process of modifying siteRead MoreSearch Engine Optimisation Or Seo1669 Words   |  7 PagesSearch engine optimisation or SEO Search engine optimisation or SEO as it’s otherwise known refers to the process of improving the position your website holds within the search engines such as Google. Generally speaking, websites that appear higher up in the results i.e. page one, will get more traffic and potentially more business. Everyone’s goal, including your own is to get to page one and ideally, top position of page one but whether that’s actually feasible will largely depend on the marketRead MoreSearch Engine Optimization ( Seo )1525 Words   |  7 PagesSearch Engine Optimization (SEO) is the process of optimizing a company’s / individual’s website to appear on top of Google Search for particular keywords that people are looking for. For any business, setting up a website is just the beginning and the success of the business primarily depends on the promotion of the website for customers to get an awareness of their product. We are all aware that the majority of onlin e consumers use search engine to look for products, services or business information

The Man And Legend Essay - 1211 Words

Can We Attain an Equal America?; Can we really achieve equality? I do believe it is possible but it is obvious that there is no single answer to such a question. Everyone has their own opinion in regards to this question, however those opinions are useless unless they are actually carried out. According to W.E.B. DuBois racial equality can be achieved through the talented tenth,; an African American elite that would be leaders and role models for the rest of the black community. In The Future of the Race, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., and Cornel West address the topic of Dubois 1903 essay The Talented Tenth.; When it comes to achieving equality among all races I dont particularly agree with DuBois idea of a Talented Tenth.; I†¦show more content†¦Malcolm X declares that if it is right for America to draft us and teach us how to be violent in defense of the country, then isnt right for you and me to do whatever is necessary to defend our own people right here in this country.;(89) Consequently, he believed that on ly through revolution and force could blacks attain their rightful place in society. In one of his speeches Malcolm X encouraged blacks to hate whites and to revolt against them. He claims that revolution is bloody, revolution is hostile, revolution knows no compromise, revolution overturns and destroys everything that gets in it way.; However, when he later broke free from the black Muslim movement began emphasizing unity and change through black pride and respect for oneself rather than through hate and revenge. He told blacks that if they had any chance of blacks attaining equality, then their first priority would be to gain self-respect and join together in a group effort to combat racist views. (253) I believe that there is one main problem that hinders the idea of having a group effort to achieve equality. That is that our minds seem to support and defend our own reasoning and actions, whether they are right or wrong. We have to learn how to admit being wrong. I simply cant believe that people find racism as a way of life. However, it all comes down to what you learn when youre a child. 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Its head consisted of one hundred snake and dragon-like heads that produced the terrible sound of humans, lion roars, the whimpering of dogs, and many other indescribable noises (Stone 71). The battle was nearly apocalypticRead MoreAnalysis Of Ip Man And Fist Of Legend1874 Words   |  8 PagesThe final scenes of Ip Man and Fist of Legend are much more than just epic fight scenes between the protagonist and antagonist. These fight scenes are the culmination of Chinese struggle against Japanese oppression. The overarching focus of this paper will be directed towards each films use of martial arts as a medium for Chinese nationalism. The overall method for introducing Chinese nationalism to each film is rel atively similar. The main difference between the Chinese nationalism establishedRead MoreEssay on Muhammad Ali: The Man, the Myth, and the Legend1104 Words   |  5 PagesMuhammad Ali: The Man, the Myth, and the Legend Muhammad Ali is one of the most decorated athletes in American history. 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The Secret Truth About My Antonia Essay Topics Uncovered

The Secret Truth About My Antonia Essay Topics Uncovered The Argument About My Antonia Essay Topics Furthermore, these essays enable students develop critical thinking skills to approach a wide variety of topics. You only need to order a fantastic essay from experts with the greatest academic degrees in a number of fields. Curriculum proposal topics is a means to try. There are several persuasive essay topics to select from to finish your high school or college assignment. Within this essay, pick a time which you were able to follow experiences and perspectives contrary to yours with respect and maturity. Inside this respect, we can attempt to start looking into a given issue having a more balanced standpoint without having to dismiss it. If it is possible to write a really convincing piece on a real-world application utilizing unique facts and research, then your odds of receiving admission to a top level university will surely grow! Be sure to connect the significance of th e activity to a particular experience or story to provide the essay direction. As soon as you have identified the 2 subjects, decide which similarity and difference to concentrate on. Below are the three most important aspects to consider to be sure you select the very best research paper topics. We've prepared a special college research paper topics list on several different topics. Not all research paper topics are made equal, and you would like to make certain you select a terrific topic before you commence writing. Essay topic ideas within this type are not of private option, for most admissions essays are a consequence of specific prompts. This is a rather broad category, so there are a whole lot of topics to pick from and even more that you could create all on your own. The option of compare and contrast essay topics isn't a simple task because you must clearly show your analytical skills. Otherwise, you must look at a number of the easy compare and contrast essay topics on the many scientific innovations. Despite the fact that you're just beginning to compose essays, you shouldn't struggle attempting to produce something to discuss. Not just that, but our capacity to get out and walk and meet people is a superb antidote to loneliness, and thus if we can't acquire outwe'll receive more lonely. Some could require research while some may require the usage of the five senses and figurative language. Most students have a tendency to go for easy essay topics by talking about themselves, doi ng their very best to express their distinctive qualities and trying to stick out from the remainder of the pack. The My Antonia Essay Topics Trap This memoir makes up the majority of the novel. At length, describe each one of the actions to create an essay of a process paper. So without further ado, below are some effective writing tips to create your common app essay stick out! Because each family differs, it's really hard to generalize in these sorts of essays. Should you decide you must speak about one of the cliche essay topics mentioned previously, an excellent method to tell a more prevalent story is to concentrate on one specific moment and build from that point. It's time to have a peek at the 100 interesting persuasive essay topics shared by the very best writers from other areas of the world! Whatever They Told You About My Antonia Essay Topics Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why Application essays about challenges reveal how you respond to difficulty to folks who ar e quite interested in how you'll manage the subsequent four years all on your own. We will be able to help you opt for an essay topic according to the degree of education. For instance, a sociology professor may offer an overall topic like the effect of poverty in urban environments. Research and talk about the benefits of Catalonia receiving independence. The Upside to My Antonia Essay Topics It's therefore important to thoroughly consider different college essay topics. Colleges can tell whenever your essay is merely a form essay. A proposal essay is extremely easy to comprehend. Informative essays are somewhat more descriptive. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but don't forget to do your homework on what the present laws about your preferred topic actually say. There are a lot of possible compare and contrast essay topics, and a number of them are tricky to perform. In open-ended essay assignments, selecting an essay topic gets crucial to the general success of the bit of writing. The ideal topic for your essay is one which is aligned with your subject of study. The only rule to follow when picking a topic for your college essay is to pick the topic you're eager to write about. All things considered, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. A college essay topic may or might not be freely dependent on the student based on the course and the professor. If you are searching for college essay examples, here's a great one below. The college essay is among the most essential facets of your college application. College application essay topics are an essential portion of an entertaining and compelling bit of writing. In some instances, the college will give an essay topic for you. To compose a strong argumentative essay, students should start by familiarizing themselves with a number of the common, and frequently conflicting, positions on the research topic so they can write an educated paper.

On dealing with the premiss that the practice of r Essay Example For Students

On dealing with the premiss that the practice of r Essay ecruitment and selection is a longway from the recommendations of personnel textbooks, distinction must be taken intoaccount between explicit recommendations and guidelines, on one hand, and, on the other,implicit suggestions stemming from the authors own stance. The implications of distancingfrom, or identification with, such explicit recommendations and implicit suggestions will beviewed in this paper as well as forms of overt and covert resistance, or adhesion, assumedin actual practice. Also central to the argument is what the whole issue means in terms ofboth existing problems and potential future problems for the employer and the candidate,for organizational management, the labour market and macro-economic welfare andprogress in general. Employment decisions have traditionally been regarded as a privilege exclusive tomanagement. Many of the US personnel textbooks emphasize this aspect and describe theprocess in terms of hurdles over which prospective employees have to try to leap to avoidrejection (Torrington and Hall, 1991:283). In the UK recruitment and selection is an issuewhich has in the past kept a low profile in personnel textbooks, though the trend haschanged (e.g., Torrington and Hall, 1991, Keith Sisson, 1994), which appears to point outto an evolution from the paternalistic perspective according to which recruitment tends to bedominantly viewed from the angle of providing candidates for the selector to judge. Recommendations are being made with respect to the various stages of the process ofrecruitment and selection, from approaching and seeking to interest potential candidates todetermining whether to appoint any of them. Codes of practice and guidelines for theirimplementation have been produced with emphasis on different aspects, e.g., on recruitmentstarting with a job description and person specification, by IPM; on fair and efficientselection, by EOC (1986); on avoidance of sex bias in selection testing, by EOC (1992);on avoidance of improper discrimination, by ACAS (1981) and negative bias against age,by IPM (1993); on non-discriminatory advertising, by CRE and EOC (1977, 1985); andon the use of cognitive and psychometric tests, by IPM and BPS (1993). 1. Moreover, legislation promoting equality of opportunity has underlined the importance of using well-validated selection procedures (Torrington and Hall, 1991), and directives suchas those issued by CRE (1983) and EOC (1985) emphasize the need to comply withanti-discrimination legislation and this way enhance opportunities to disadvantaged groups. Greater formality will both make the concealment of racial and sexual discrimination moredifficult and will permit more effective retrospective surveillance by senior management andbodies such as the CRE (Jenkins, 1982), thus to some extent remedying the weakness ofmuch of the EO literature in not frontally addressing the different types of discriminatorydecision, be it determinism, particularism, patronage or rational-legality (Jewson Mason,1986). As a counter-argument, however, the definition of the employers role as thatof implementing and monitoring formal procedures can be seen to absolve senior staffof the responsibility for further investigation of the causes of continuing inequality(Webb Liff, 1988). In fact, case studies have shown that such directives can be misused and theirintention subverted as often happens with respect to IPMs recommendations on jobdescription and person specification (Collinson et al., 1990: 96-108), and,furthermore, the legal definition of justifiability is sufficiently vague for the legislation to be ineffective; andthe workforce can be manipulated into becoming managements accomplice indiscrimination (ibid.: 70-71). Some recommendations are, in themselves, not sociallyand politically neutral enough to avoid ambiguity and, as such, encourage covertdiscrimination. Highlighting the causes behind the problem, EOC points out thatgender discrimination is embedded in myths (EOC, 1986:2), while we are alsoreminded that motherhood still remains a stigma (Curran, 1988) as the generalideology of gender still associates feminity with nurturing, and hence with servicing,which is translated directly into specific occupational terms (Murgatroyd, 1982). Accordingly inspite of what has been achieved women still face bottleneck onthe way to top jobs in personnel, a situation which has been aggravated by a recentregression in the previous upward trend for women, the latest figures standing at 44%of all personnel managers but only 9.5% of personnel directors (PM Plus, 1994). Getting into the boardroom is not the same as getting into the club, a glass ceilingmade difficult to shatter (BM, 1994) by the club members themselves who may alsotry to psychologically manipulate women into consenting and thus becomingaccomplices of their own fate. At least on their face value, for the past two decades personnel textbooks have beenrecommending equal opportunities in recruitment and selection. Rodgers SevenPoint Plan (Rodger, 1970) and Frasers Five-Fold Framework (Fraser, 1971:64-80) are checklists which emphasize the need for a logical link between jobdescription and person specification. Yet, Rodgers headings circumstances andacceptability have strong potential to be used as a cloak for improperdiscrimination (Sisson, 1994:189). In instances like this one the author of thepersonnel textbook is consciously or unconsciously, intentionally or unintentionally an accomplice of reluctant management. Recommendations become a vehicle ofsubversion of the proclaimed spirit. Even when guidelines appear to be socially and politically sound, the identification ofrequirements remains subjective when it comes to draft a job description asjudgement greatly depends on conclusions which are based on onesconceptualizations. The effect of prejudice and bias is, therefore, difficult to control,and unfairness in shortlisting is difficult to restrain. 2. Other main initial steps in the recruitment and selection process offer no guarantee offairness. Application forms, multi-purpose as advised by Edwards (1983:64), or not,may become a tool of discrimination as they can easily incorporate a discriminatorybias within their highly structured framework. Letters of application and CVs appearto be seen as of little relevance as a measure of performance in manual jobs(Duxfield, 1983:246-7) but to be regarded of great importance and possibly decisiveon other kinds of placement (Knollys, 1983: 236-8) where they are left to theassessors subjective evaluation. It is generally acknowledged that they are open todiscriminatory use by the employer (McIntosh and Smith, 1974). Furthermore, theuse of graphology, though controversial, is being practised in Britain (PM,1985). Engineering Team and the State Competition EssayThis situation emerges against a macro-economic background in which the dominanttrends point to an increasingly more intense competition in a global market-place. Inthe UK home labour market, the 1980s period of easy recruitment due to high levels ofunemployment has given place to recruitment difficulties with current skill shortagesand 4. forecasts of a significant drop in the number of young entrants and of at least a 50%female workforce. This situation looks bleak for those employers who fail to adoptnon-traditional methods of recruitment (Curnow, 1989), for a more proactiverecruitment strategy is required as a source of competitive advantage through aquality workforce (Torrington Hall, 1991), with a move towards a focus onexpected outcomes rather than procedures (Liff, 1989). In other words, EO is not just a problem of implementation, but, in contrast,important parts of the process still need to be better understood, particularly at theorganizational level (Aitkenhead, 1991: 26). However, not just at organizational level. What EO initiatives take place within organizations depends crucially upon how theconcept is understood by its members, and when organizational policy is translatedinto operational procedures it has implications for a persons activities and hence forhis or her cognitive world, and the relationship between organizational proceduresand individual cognitive world is two-way (Ibid: 35-41). With respect toconceptualization, a positive trend can be found in voices which value diversity (e.g. Copeland, 1982) and managing diversity (e.g. Greenslade, 1991, Jackson, 1992)inasmuch as this stresses positive aspects of difference with respect to ethnicity orwith respect to gender (Rosener, 1990), which suggests a favourable change ofperspective in industrial relations (Liff, 1995). In conclusion, the past few decades have seen the development of recommendationson recruitment and selection which challenge the traditional outlook of employmentmatters as a prerogative of management decision and the prospective employee as arelatively passive object of employers judgement. Personnel textbooks, codes ofpractice and anti-discriminatory legislation have put the focus on EO for women, ethnic andother disadvantaged groups. Such prescriptions appear to be seen by the employeras a conflict of interests with his managerial strategy and a threat to his establishedposition of authority and privilege. This has been the reaction of the white malemanager. Some of the prescriptions themselves have been informed by the cognitiveframework of the white male culture and thus, intentionally or unintentionally,rendered less efficient in their formulation. Others have been, and continue to be,subverted in practice by false compliance. In either case EO principles are defeated,and a sel f-reproducing phenomenon persists of acceptability over suitability in therecruitment and selection process. This status quo poses a complex problem which affects, more immediately, both therecruiter and the candidate and, at a larger scale, the whole economic scene. Mainlypreoccupied with repressing change, the employer appears to be reluctant toconsider that this same change can be to his own advantage, inasmuch as it willpromote a recruitment and selection approach which could contribute not only to afairer but also to a more cost-effective decision making. As far as the employer isconcerned, the felt problem appears to be the outside pressure put on him to change,while the real problem appears to be his difficulty in evolving cognitively. Managerialrefusal in a more effective staffing will have far-reaching consequencies as it willrender organizations inadequate to compete in an increasingly global market, aproblem of major repercussions, if a proactive response is not given to the need for aquality workforce that will guarantee competitiveness through quality goods and services. 5. On the supply side of the labour market the problem of discrimination has been feltso acutely as to prompt the overall awareness that led to the recommendations inquestion. A foreseable demographic change seems to favour the previously excludedgroups so far as it may result in more of a sellers market for labour which should, in turn,encourage the labour buyer to concentrate on outcomes rather than on procedure;and this shift away from the focus on procedure may help reduce antagonism andelusive compliance. Another opening can be seen in the fact that literature hasbecome possible on diversity as a positive asset to be profitably managed, adevelopment which remains, however, problematic so far as it may also be perceivedand resisted as a social issue. It is nevertheless a landmark in industrial relationsevolution in what it represents of a two-way interaction between the cognitive worldof both assessors and assessed, on one side, and, on the other, textbookrecommendations and related formal directives. However, ambiguity andambivalence persist at each stage of evolution and progress towards a more just andeffective management of human resources, and evidence presented above as in thecase of Opportunity 2000 suggests that, paradoxically and dangerously, thepromotion of objective recruitment and selection on merit is resorting, for credibility,to being implemented within the traditional recruiters framework ofconceptualization. REFERENCESACAS 1981: Recruitment and Selection. Advisory Booklet n 6. London: Advisory,Conciliation and Arbitration Service. Aitkenhead, M. Liff, S. (1991): The Effectiveness of Equal Opportunity Policies. In Firth-Cozens, J. West, M A. (eds): Women at Work, Psychological andOrganizational Perspectives. Milton Keynes: Open University Press. BM 1994, The Glass Ceiling. Business Matters video Series. In Equality Diversitycourse 1994-5, Week 6. University of Warwick. Brotherton, C. (1980): Paradigms of Selection Validation. Journal of OccupationalPsychology, 53, March, 73-9. Clark, T. (1991): A survey and critique of selection methods used by executiverecruitment consultancies in management recruitment. Paper presented to the 1992Occupational Psychology Conference of the British Psychological Society. Collinson, D. (1987): The Safe-between Candidate , Personnel Management, MayCollinson D., Knights, D. Collinson, M (1990): Managing to Discriminate. London: Routledge.

Macro Economics Analysis Essay Example

Macro Economics Analysis Essay Economics 100 Assignment option 2 Lecture: Ms Maria Lantzke Thursday 8. 30 am to 12. 30 pm Table of contents 1. Article summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 2. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 3. Analysis .. 3 1. UK Inflation Rate †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 Definition of inflation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 Causes of inflation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 2. Consumer price index †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Definition of Consumer price index †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Increasing CPI in UK.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. .5 3. Business cycle †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Definition of Business cycle †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦.. 6 Business cycle in UK†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 3. 4 Interest rate and monetary policy †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Expansionary monetary policy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Contractionary monetary p olicy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦.. †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 4. 0 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 5. 0 Reference list †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10 1. 0 Article summary This article called â€Å"UK inflation rate rises to 4% in January† was posted on February 15, 2011 by BBC. It displays increased inflation rate in Unites Kingdom. Indeed, The UK Consumer Prices Index (CPI) annual inflation rate rose to 4% in January. This CPI figure picked up highest since November 2008. Monetary policy committee (MPC) is considering a possible increase in the interest rate to try to cool inflation. However there are contrasting opinions about when the Central Bank should increase it. In addition, the article refers to the causes of inflation. Mr. King, the Bank of England governor, recognizes possible causes of inflation in the VAT rise, the fall in the pound and recent rises in commodity prices. However, Chancellor G. Osborne disagrees about the VAT rise as a cause of inflation. Furthermore, in this article there are more others causes of inflation: the high price of petrol and crude oil, global changes in the price of foods and commodities. 2. Introduction This report provides an analysis of inflation in UK with applying some economics theories. The inflation rate picked up 4% in January which is highest since November 2008. In this article there are four main concepts of macroeconomics, such as inflation and CPI, interest rate and monetary policy. The purpose of the report is to describe the economic problems in England, through the analysis of these economics theories. 3. 0 Analysis 3. 1 Inflation rate Inflation is the sustained increase in the general level of prices in the economic (Hubbard et al. 2010). It’s measured by the price level, which measures the average prices of goods and services in the economy. We will write a custom essay sample on Macro Economics Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Macro Economics Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Macro Economics Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The figure of percentage increase in the price level from one year to next is called inflation rate. In UK, the inflation rate rose above the 2% target. Bank of England governor, Mr. King, believes the inflation will rise towards 5% in the next months and MMC thinks that high inflation is just temporary as it will fall below the target in 3 years. However, Inflation below the target of 2% is judged to be just as bad as inflation above the target. Causes of inflation Inflation is usually categorized as demand-pull or cost-push. Demand-pull inflation is a rise in general price level in the economy caused by an increase in the aggregate demand and production levels are not able to meet the high demand immediately (Hubbard et al. 2010) Cost push inflation is a rise in general price level in the economy caused by a decrease in the aggregate supply of goods and services. Aggregate supply decrease when there is an increase in price of inputs, such as raw materials, equipments, machinery. [pic] Figure 1 Cost-push inflation Figure 1 shows the process of cost-push inflation; 1. The economy is riginally at equilibrium at point A, with the price level P1 and real GDP Y1. 2. A supply shock moves the aggregate supply curve to the left, from SRAS1 to SRAS2, which leads to a fall in real GDP below its potential level and a rise in the price level from P1 to P2 (Hubbard et al. 2010). The article refers to a rise of prices of petrol and crude oil, two essential raw materials, as two causes of inflation. The higher oil price affects others related with it such as cars, factories, any machineries operated by oil. And also mortgage interest payment has been increased from 4. 8% to 5. 1% as Retail Prices Index (RPI). There are no evidences about a rise in demand for goods and services. Therefore UK inflation can be considered cost-push inflation. 3. 2 Consumer price index The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an average of the prices of goods and services purchased by the typical family. CPI is also called â€Å"cost of living index† as it measures the cost to the typical family to buy a representative basket of goods and services. Office for National Statistics (ONS) review â€Å"the â€Å"shopping basket† every year and decide which items taking outside and which bringing in, to reflect changes in the market (Topic guide to: Price Indices and Inflation. . d. ). Despite CPI is the most popular measure of inflation, it has some disadvantages as it cant measure the substitution bias, increase in quality bias, new product bias and outlet bias. . substitution bias: ONS assumes that consumers buy the same quantity of each product in the market basket each month, while consumers are likely to substitute a product, whose price goes up, with a cheaper one. . Increase in quality bias: products can improve in quality and therefore the higher prices will reflect also the higher quality of these products. However CPI cant measure quality of products. New product bias: ONS updates â€Å"the shopping basket† every year, but during this period of time a lot of new products, such as new technology tools, can come out in the market. However new products are not included in CPI. . Outlet bias: many people buy products from discount stores or via internet, while ONS collects price statistics just from traditional full-price retail stores. So CPI cannot always reflect the prices that consumers actually pay. CPI in UK rose to 4% in January, highest record since November 2008. According to the article, â€Å"The price of petrol as measured by the CPI was ? . 27 a liter in January 2011, which the Office for National Statistics said was a record high. † In addition, t here has been an increase in price of food, commodities, costs of transport, furniture, alcohol and UK government rose VAT from 17. 5% to 20% in January. 3. Business cycle Business cycle consists in alternating periods of economic expansion and economic recession. According to the article, UK economy contracted by 0. 5% in the final quarter of 2010, going in recession phase. In the recession phase employment, production and income decrease. Generally, during recession, inflation rate goes down as there is a decline in consumption. As a consequence, firms have problems to sell their products and will not raise prices. However, in UK the inflation is keeping on rising, but MPC believes that inflation is temporary and will be below the target in three years. 4. Interest rate and monetary policy Monetary policy is one of the tools that central banks use to influence economy. Using its monetary authority to control the supply and availability of money, the central banks attempt to influence the overall level of economic activity in line with their objectives. The objectives of the Bank of England are: maintaining price stability – low inflation – and supporting economic growth. Price stability is defined by the Government’s inflation target of 2%. In 1998 Bank of England was recognized independent to set interest rates from the government. The legislation provides that if, in extreme circumstances, the Government has the power to give instructions to the Bank on interest rates for a limited period (Monetary Policy Framework. n. d. ). The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is a special committee, which meets monthly to decide the level of interest rates. It is chaired by the Governor of the Bank of England, Mr. King (Monetary Policy Framework. n. d. ). The central bank can decide to undertake expansionary monetary policy or contractionary monetary policy. Expansionary monetary policy Expansionary monetary policy consists on actions taken by the central bank to increase economic growth rate, by decreasing interest rate. Indeed lower interest rate increases real GDP and the aggregate demand as: Lower interest rate causes consumption to increase and discourage people to save money Lower interest rate causes investment to increase as borrowing money will be less expensive. Therefore firms will find convenient borrow money from the banks to engage in new investment projects. As it’s shown, lower interest rate stimulate AG and the new equilibrium of economy will occur at the new potential RGDP. However, as AD and GDP rise, also the price level will rise, increasing inflation. [pic] Figure 2 expansionary monetary policy At the beginning the economy is in equilibrium at point A. During the time, LRAS1 shifts to LRAS2. Without expansionary monetary, AD1 will shift to AD2 (without policy),which is below the potential RGDP. By lowering interest rate, the central bank increase consumption, investment and net export sufficiently to shift AD1 to AD2 (with policy). New equilibrium is at point C. The price level at point C is higher than it would have been without policy. Contractionary monetary policy On the contrary, contractionary monetary policy consists on actions taken by the central bank to reduce too fast economic growth and inflation rate, by increasing interest rate. Higher interest rate causes AD to decrease as: Consumption declines and people find more profitable saving money Investment declines as borrowing money become more expensive for the firms. Therefore firms are not stimulated to do new investment projects. As it’s shown, higher interest rate causes AD to decrease. As a consequence, price level and RGDP will decrease as well, leading to a decline of inflation rate. [pic] Figure 3 Contractionary monetary policy This figure shows an example of contractionary monetary policy. High inflation in UK â€Å"will put pressure on the Bank of England to lift nterest rates to curb accelerating inflation†. As we seen before, increases in interest rate can be an efficient tool to reduce inflation. However contractionary monetary policy is used generally when the economy is growing too fast, but in the case of UK, the economic growth rate decreased by 0. 5%. Therefore, an expansionary monetary policy with low interest rate should help the economy to revitalize as firms and households are willing to spend more and to be engaged in new investments. According to the article â€Å"interest rates have remained so far a historic low of 0. % for the 23rd consecutive month†. 4. 0 CONCLUSION To sum up, the Bank of England is waiting to see the next inflation rate and the government actions, before taking any decisions. The interest rate is still at the low percentage of 0. 5% and the central bank hopes that it helps to turn around the economy. Despite of the Bank’s conviction that inflation is just temporary, it’s estimated an additional rise to about 5%. Therefore an increase in interest rate will occur for sure in the future, but still it’s not certain when it’s the best time to do it. . 0 REFRENCE LIST Hubbard, Anne M. Garnett, Philip Lewis, Anthony Patrick O’Brien. 2010. Essentials of economics. Frenchs Forest, NSW. Pearson Australia. UK Nationl Statisstics, Topic guide to: Pr ice Indices and Inflation. n. d. http://www. statistics. gov. uk/hub/economy/prices-output-and-productivity/price-indices-and-inflation/index. html (accessed May 18, 2011) Bank of England, Monetary Policy Framework. n. d. http://www. bankofengland. co. uk/monetarypolicy/framework. htm (accessed May 19, 2011)

Free Essays on Luis Armstrong

Luis Armstrong (1901 - 1971) My paper is about probably America’s most influential artist; trumpeter, composer and leader Louis Armstrong. He was born in a time when a black boy could expect nothing but to grow up, work hard at the lowest jobs all his life, and hope somehow, somewhere manage to stay healthy and get a little out of life."(P.1 Collier) He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana on August 4, 1901 to Mayanne and William Armstrong. Louie was raised by his grandmother Josephine Armstrong as an infant because his father abandoned him and his mother around the time of his birth. He started his life living in the slums of New Orleans. He grew up in a tough area known, as "The Battlefield" where knife fights and guns play were common. At the age of about seven he moved to black Stormville, back with his mother and his sister. Stormville consisted of dance halls honky tons and brothels. It was an entertainment district like London's Soho. He grew up with music all around him, so he could hear music f rom outside his house when he woke up and when he went to bed. The family was forced to live in complete poverty. One fact we do know about Louis is that he was arrested on New Years Eve 1912 for shooting a gun. Louis was around eleven at the time, and this was a very serious offense. This mistake turned out to be the best thing that ever happened to him. He was sent to the Coloreds Waif House a reform school on the out skirts of New Orleans. Here Louis was introduced to organized music in the form of the school band. Captain Joseph Jones ran the school band in a military fashion that was extremely strict. It was there that he was introduced to Peter Davis - the brass band leader who taught him how to play the cornet (Brown 17). Louis's life changed from delinquent to a disciplined young man this. Professor Davis had more to do with Louis' self respect and discipline than with musicianship. He formed a positive relationship w... Free Essays on Luis Armstrong Free Essays on Luis Armstrong Luis Armstrong (1901 - 1971) My paper is about probably America’s most influential artist; trumpeter, composer and leader Louis Armstrong. He was born in a time when a black boy could expect nothing but to grow up, work hard at the lowest jobs all his life, and hope somehow, somewhere manage to stay healthy and get a little out of life."(P.1 Collier) He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana on August 4, 1901 to Mayanne and William Armstrong. Louie was raised by his grandmother Josephine Armstrong as an infant because his father abandoned him and his mother around the time of his birth. He started his life living in the slums of New Orleans. He grew up in a tough area known, as "The Battlefield" where knife fights and guns play were common. At the age of about seven he moved to black Stormville, back with his mother and his sister. Stormville consisted of dance halls honky tons and brothels. It was an entertainment district like London's Soho. He grew up with music all around him, so he could hear music f rom outside his house when he woke up and when he went to bed. The family was forced to live in complete poverty. One fact we do know about Louis is that he was arrested on New Years Eve 1912 for shooting a gun. Louis was around eleven at the time, and this was a very serious offense. This mistake turned out to be the best thing that ever happened to him. He was sent to the Coloreds Waif House a reform school on the out skirts of New Orleans. Here Louis was introduced to organized music in the form of the school band. Captain Joseph Jones ran the school band in a military fashion that was extremely strict. It was there that he was introduced to Peter Davis - the brass band leader who taught him how to play the cornet (Brown 17). Louis's life changed from delinquent to a disciplined young man this. Professor Davis had more to do with Louis' self respect and discipline than with musicianship. He formed a positive relationship w...

Heritage tourism - The city Bath Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Heritage tourism - The city Bath - Essay Example The increasing heritage tourism of the city of Bath is directly providing huge revenues to the UK tourism industry. However, the attention was given to the city of Bath after its recognition as a World Heritage Site. In the last few years, a major portion of budget has been allocated to the promotion of Bath City tourism industry, which has positively contributed to its tourism industry. This is also supported by the previous studies. The year 2009 is going to be an important year in the history of tourism industry of the UK because Government has brought various changes in its tourism policy. Although because of financial global crisis, the tourism industry of the UK has faced a decline however, it is expected that with new tourism strategy the situation would get better. Hence, the heritage tourism of the city of Bath and urban tourism of the other cities of the UK provide great opportunities to boost profits of UK tourism industry.

Intelligent Buildings Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Intelligent Buildings - Assignment Example There is another aspect, however, to the design of the modern structure which today is discussed in terms of its use and how well humans who occupy it feel about it from a sensory perspective. From much of what has been written, the modern view of design must adhere as much to its function and it does its aesthetic appearance and usefulness in offering itself as a pleasing place to be. The intelligent building then must be a ‘multi-sensory experience’ (Clements-Croome, 2004, p. 58). We do not 'see' or perceive our environment only with the eyes, but with all senses. It is the job of the architect to acquiesce to those senses and create building designs that are more than warehouses—buildings that encourage from its occupants an emotional and natural interpretation of their environment through the interactive workings of the senses. The Multi-Sensory Perspective While speaking of aesthetics in architecture it is interesting to note that while the term technically a pplies to visual pleasure, in our field we are also speaking about the senses-- auditory, tactile, olfactory, thermal, and even kinesthetic. And while current thinking today favours a holistic or multi-disciplinary approach to building design, the same applies to the multi-sensory approach to design that in the end most affects the building’s occupants or users as well as those who view it. There are examples of this in many older buildings. ‘The delicate composition of the architectural elements in the Residence of the Middelheimpark, in Antwerp...creates an intensely poetical effect: a single tone, white, brings about a wide range of greys and creates optically intriguing effects’ (Farmer & Louw 1993, p. 320). So when the term aesthetics is used it is predominantly referring to the goal of an all-around positive aesthetic experience through all of the senses, often occurring in esoteric ways that must be carefully considered in the design process. Hands and ski n feel texture as pleasing or not; visionary sense elicits other sensory reactions; odours, as we have all experienced, may illicit memories of events and times, such as cooking smells make us think of our mothers’ kitchens. As Clements-Croons (2004: 63) found, ‘The human senses are extraordinarily sensitive, and it is through them that we experience life wherever we are’. From a psychological and spiritual perspective, it can not be emphasized too strongly that people, through their senses. need the stimulation of a pleasing well-considered environment. Buildings, viewed in a philosophical context then provide a high level of stimulation—stimulation that not only presents a pleasing result but a spiritually uplifting one metaphorically similar to those experienced in nature. This animation of the architectural experience is not unlike the lift of spirit one experiences through the senses when viewing a good piece of art. As a necessary life element, such experiences are crucial and as such sensory architectural details ‘should always be given high priority’ (Clements-Croons 2004, p. 58). Space, Sensory Perception and the Human Psyche In the words of filmmaker Murray Grigor, ‘To comprehend architecture, one needs to move through its spaces. After all, that’s how we all experience buildings, inside and outside: we walk,

Analysis Of Gdp Determinants Statistics Economics Essay

Analysis Of Gdp Determinants Statistics Economics Essay The aim of our report is to identify the factors which affects GDP for any country. In our report we are analyzing such factors in relation to Indias GDP. The report will be dealing with regression analysis, hypothesis testing, mean, median, mode etc of such factors which are independent variables and their affect on GDP which is a dependent variable. 2. Introduction: The report revolves around an exploratory study. It includes analyzing the statistical data of Indias GDP and other factors like Employment to population ratio, FDI, population for the past 20 years. Our aim is to identify the dependence of above mentioned factors on GDP of India and results of the regression analysis. Here we take GDP as the dependent variable and other three factors as the independent variables. Before getting into analysis we look into the substitute measures of each variable used in the report for analyzing regression, hypothesis testing and calculating the mean and median values. GDP Lending Interest Rates FDI Population Employment to population ratio 2.1) GDP: GDP forms the dependent variable of our research study. GDP is an indicator of overall economic welfare of a country. It is the sum total of the final goods and services produced within the borders of the nation. In other words, summing up the consumption, government expenditure, investments and net exports results in the GDP growth rate of a country. It is considered to be a very important element as it helps in estimating the health of countrys economy. Calculating the GDP is not an easy task because of which they are left to be calculated by the economists. GDP growth rate of an economy is dependent on various factors like FDI, population to employment ratio, lending interest rate, population etc. Governments closely watch out the GDP as it measures the economic performance of the country. If GDP rises it means the economy has grown and vice versa. GDP is criticized on various grounds like it does not talks about the spending power, distribution of income or well being of countrys inhabitant. Formula of calculating GDP: GDP=C+I+G+(X-M) Where, C=consumption I=investment G=government expenditure (X-M) =Net Exports The independent variables (Population, Lending Interest rates, FDI, Employment to population ratio etc ) that we are using in the research analysis affect each of these above mentioned components. The data related to GDP has been shown in the appendix 9.1 2.2 ) Employment to population ratio: It is taken as an independent variable in our study. We attempt to measure the impact of this ratio on GDP growth in India. Employment to population ratio basically means the ratio of the total working age of the labor force employed over total population. Following formula is used in calculating the ratio: Employment to population ratio= Employed Persons/ Total non-institutionalized civilian population *100 This ratio does not bear underrating problems relating to unemployed persons and other discouraged workers that enter or exit the labor force. The data of employment ratio is shown in appendix 9.1 2.3) FDI: Foreign direct investment is an independent variable in our research report. We try finding out the impact of FDI on GDP growth rate. In simple words it is an investment made by one company in a given country in another company based or set up in another country. FDI has been a major source of managerial skills, technology, capital and access to market desired for sustained economic development and growth in the recent past. All the Countries are involved in inviting more and more of foreign direct investment to come and invest in their country resulting in rapid economic growth. FDI is considered to be an important factor in facilitating growth, however, it will result in growth only if the inflows are carefully managed and invested. The related data is included in the appendix 9.1 for the past 20 years . All the inferences related to FDI has been drawn on the basis of such data. 2.4) Population: The growth of population has always been a debating issue. There is no conclusion as to it is negative or positive for growth of an economy. Population and economic growth are interrelated to each other in a way that, population increases due to high economic growth leading to early marriages and hiking birth rates and checking on the mortality rates by providing healthy environment to the citizens. Higher population also depresses economic growth through diminishing returns. (Becker, Glaeser, and Murphy 1999, p. 145) In our study we attempt to study the impact of population on economic growth which is expressed as the real GDP per capita. The data regarding population for past 20 years has been included in the appendix 9.1. All the analysis related to it has been done on the basis of such data and various results has been drawn on such basis. 2.5) Lending Interest Rate: Lending Interest rate is the amount of interest charged by a lender from a borrower in case of loan being offered. A countrys real GDP and interest rates are interlinked in a variety of means. They have a direct relationship, i.e., high lending rate results in high growth for the economy. The dependence of GDP on Lending Interest Rate can be studied in the analysis of the study. The related data regarding interest rate is included in appendix 9.1 3. Tools used for research study: The statistical tools used in our research study with the objective of finding the dependence of GDP on various independent variables like, Population, Lending interest rates, FDI, Employment to population ratio are Regression Analysis, Mean, Median, Mode, Hypothesis Testing Steps involved in analysis: Our first step was to scrutinize and identify the factors responsible for GDP growth of a nation. Next, we tried locating data of the identified factors for the past 20 years. Than we tried finding relationship of various factors with the GDP of a nation. The data was than constructed and summarised in a proper manner to conduct regression analysis. SPSS software was used to conduct the regression analysis and hypothesis testing. All the data and factors collected are using the secondary sources, i.e., Internet and Journals. 4. Data Description: N i.e. the number of observations for our research is 20. There are two types of data: Qualitative Quantitative Qualitative data deals with categorical measurement and is not measured in terms of numeric values. For our study the qualitative factors can be like Market Risk, Business Confidence etc, which affects the GDP but due to their qualitative nature we overlooked them of the study. Quantitative data deals with the numerical measurement of the database. Relating to our study, the quantitative data factors are Population, GDP, Lending interest rates, FDI etc. We have limited our research taking in account only the quantitative data. Data can also be time series or cross sectional: Cross sectional data is the data for a given point of time analyzing the differences among the subjects. Whereas time series data is concerned with the data over a spread time course In our report we are using time-series data, for 20 years i.e. from 1991 to 2010. Regression Analysis: Regression Analysis means scrutinizing the relationship between a dependent and independent variable. After conducting an analysis, regression statistics is helpful in identifying the dependent variable when the independent variables are unknown. Dependent Variable- GDP growth of India Independent variable- FDI, Employment to Population ratio and Real Interest Rate The regression equation is: Y=b1X1+b2X2+.+E In the above equation- Y= dependent variable X1, X2 =independent variables b1, b2 =coefficients describing effect of independent variables on the dependent variables E=error term In our study, the equation looks like, GDP=b1F1+b2F2+b3F3++bnfn Where, F1 to Fn= independent variable factors Hypothesis testing: Hypothesis testing is the test of significance wherein we identify the likelihood that an assumption is true, and at what likelihood we would hold the assumption as true. The assumption made is referred as the Null hypothesis and is denoted by H0 and an alternate hypothesis is defined known as an Alternative Hypothesis and is denoted by Ha. The rationale behind this test is to hold null hypothesis to be true and then performing the study on the argument in question. Once the hypothesis is defined and data is collected and constructed, following steps of hypothesis are followed: A critical region of size alpha is determined using the sample distribution of the test statistics Using the sample data, identify the values of test statistics The last step is confirming that the value of test statistics falls under the critical region defined; if no, we accept the null in favour of the alternative hypothesis and if yes, we reject the null hypothesis. 5). Variables considered as independent in hypothesis and doing regression analysis In doing the analysis of various factors affecting GDP growth some of the factors which is been considered as the variables are FDI, Employment ratio, Population and Lending interest rate as they impact directly in the growth of GDP for any country. The factors are denoted by r and following relation between the factors as stated above and the regression can be explained under 5.1) Population (H1) Although increase in population has a negative impact on the economy of any country. However, such increase allows availability of labor at cheap rates which attracts the companies or firms to make more investment in the form of Foreign direct investment or FIIs that helps to give upward thrust in GDP. 5.2) Foreign Direct Investment(H2) It can be argued on the grounds of proven facts that Foreign Direct Investment has a positive relation for boosting the economic growth of any country which results in increasing the GDP of the country. FDI allows the money to come in the economy which creates opportunities to increase growth of the economy. 5.3) Employment Ratio(H3) It also affects the economy which indeed affects GDP growth as with the increase in the employment more expenditure will have to be incurred which in turn affect countrys GDP 5.4) Lending Interest Rate(H4) If the interest rate increases it will lead to less money circulation in the economy. The banks and financial institutions of the country will not able to lend money as the people will not be willing to accept because the increase in interest rate will attract more interest expense and hence will resist to it. This will result in decrease in the consumption which will bend the GDP down and secondly money circulation will also reduce which result in the fall in GDP growth. Hence the whole discussion can be summarized in the following manner-: H1- Increase in population lead to increased GDP. Hence it has a positive relation H2- Increase in FDI Increases GDP. It also has a positive relation H3- Increase in employment leads to increase in GDP. It shows positive relation H4- Increase in Interest rate leads to fall in GDP. It has a negative relation 6). Regression results 6.1) Employment Regression (Appendix 9.3.1) In this regression model, Employment ratio is an independent variable and on X-axis. GDP is a dependent variable and on y-axis. After doing data analysis of this model, we conclude that the regression equation for this is: Here, is an intercept which is 1.736 is a slope of this equation which is -2.958 Estimated value If employment ratio is increase by 1, there is decrease in GDP by 2.958. There is negative linear relationship between GDP and employment ratio. Now if we talk about correlation between these two variable which is R. = +à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡(.720) = +.849 In this + sign shows that correlation is positive and is .849 Now is .72 which shows that 72 % variance in GDP is explained by employment ratio. Now if we talk about this model whether it is good or bad, we have to check two condition. should be high In this is high. Hypothesis test: : ÃŽÂ ² = 0 (no linear relationship between X and Y) : ÃŽÂ ² à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚   0 (linear relationship between X and Y) This is conclude by t statistics Now, = -6.80 Standard error à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢value is .000 and we assume ÃŽÂ ± is .05 which is greater than p-value. Hence we reject . So we conclude that it is a good regression model. 6.2) FDI Regression (Appendix 9.3.2) In this regression model, FDI is an independent variable and on X-axis. GDP is a dependent variable and on y-axis. After doing data analysis of this model, we conclude that the regression equation for this is: Here, is an intercept which is 3.894 is a slope of this equation which is 0.029 Estimated value If FDI is increase by 1, there is increase in GDP by . There is positive linear relationship between GDP and FDI as the slope is positive. Now if we talk about correlation between these two variable which is R. = +à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡(.782) = +.884 In this + sign shows that correlation is positive and is .884 Now is .78 which shows that 78 % variance in GDP is explained by FDI. Now if we talk about this model whether it is good or bad, we have to check two condition. should be high In this is high. Hypothesis test: : ÃŽÂ ² = 0 (no linear relationship between X and Y) : ÃŽÂ ² à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚   0 (linear relationship between X and Y) This is conclude by t statistics Now, = 8.025 Standard error à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢value is .000 and we assume ÃŽÂ ± is .05 which is greater than p-value. Hence we reject . So we conclude that it is a good regression model. 6.3) Lending interest rate (Appendix 9. 3.3) In this regression model, Lending interest rate is an independent variable and on X-axis. GDP is a dependent variable and on y-axis. After doing data analysis of this model, we conclude that the regression equation for this is: Here, is an intercept which is 2.088 is a slope of this equation which is -1.066 Estimated value If lending interest rate increases by 1, there is decrease in GDP by 1.066. There is negative linear relationship between GDP and lending interest rate as the slope is negative. Now if we talk about correlation between these two variable which is R. = +à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡(.466) = +.683 In this + sign shows that correlation is positive and is .849 Now is .46 which shows that 46 % variance in GDP is explained by employment ratio. Now if we talk about this model whether it is good or bad, we have check two condition. should be high In this is high. Hypothesis test: : ÃŽÂ ² = 0 (no linear relationship between X and Y) : ÃŽÂ ² à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚   0 (linear relationship between X and Y) This is conclude by t statistics Now, = -3.964 Standard error à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢value is .001 and we assume ÃŽÂ ± is .05 which is greater than p-value. Hence we reject . So we conclude that it is a good regression model. 6.4) Population Regression (Appendix 9.3.4) In this regression model, Population is an independent variable and on X-axis. GDP is a dependent variable and on y-axis. After doing data analysis of this model, we conclude that the regression equation for this is: Here, is an intercept which is 3.894 is a slope of this equation which is 0.029 Estimated value If population is increase by 1, there is increase in GDP by 3.60 There is strong positive linear relationship between GDP and POPULATION as the slope is positive. Now if we talk about correlation between these two variable which is R. = +à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡(.819) = +.905 In this + sign shows that correlation is positive and is .905 Now is .81 which shows that 81 % variance in GDP is explained by population. Now if we talk about this model whether it is good or bad, we have to check two condition. should be high In this is high. Hypothesis test: : ÃŽÂ ² = 0 (no linear relationship between X and Y) : ÃŽÂ ² à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚   0 (linear relationship between X and Y) This is conclude by t statistics Now, = 9.031 Standard error à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢value is .000 and we assume ÃŽÂ ± is .05 which is greater than p-value. Hence we reject . So we conclude that it is a good regression model. 7) Conclusion The effect of factors like employment ratio, foreign direct investment, lending interest rate and population on GDP of India are considered as important variables which we have tried to explain with the help of regression analysis and hypothesis testing. By considering the data of past 20 years we have also calculated its mean, median, mode, Variance, standard deviation (appendix 2). We have one dependent variable that is GDP and four independent variables which are FDI, employment ratio, population, and interest rate. According to multiple regressions, the equation for the model is: Where x1, x2, x3, x4 are the independent variable, estimated value E(y) is expected by these variable. In our report, we have taken separate simple regression models Regression analysis cannot interpret as a procedure for establishing a cause and effect relationship between variables. It can only show that how much these variables are related or associated with each other. Regression equation tells us about mean value of y for given value of x. According to Hypothesis test, all four regression model is good model and it estimates the mean value for these independent variables with less errors. The models also shows the relationship between GDP and these independent variables and their effect on GDP. If value of these independent variables is increase by 1, we conclude how much it affects the estimated value of GDP. Estimated value of GDP is increases by 3.60 if there is one unit increase in population Estimated value of GDP is increased by .029 if there is one unit increase in FDI Estimated value of GDP is decreased by 2.958 if there is one unit increase in employment ratio Estimated value of GDP is decreased by 1.066 if there is one unit increase in interest rate Hence it can be concluded that all factors affects GDP and we cant estimate GDP if we dont have particular value of these independent variable. 8) Bibliography References Amosweb.com (2012) AmosWEB is Economics: Encyclonomic WEB*pedia. [online] Available at: http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=wpdc=dspk=employment-population+ratio [Accessed: 29 Nov 2012]. Anderson, D. and Sweeney, D. (2011) Statistics for Business and Economics. 11th ed. New Delhi: Cengage Learning India Private Limited. Databank.worldbank.org (2012) World Databank. [online] Available at: http://databank.worldbank.org/ddp/home.do [Accessed: 29 Nov 2012]. Investopedia.com (2012) Real Interest Rate Definition | Investopedia. [online] Available at: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/realinterestrate.asp#axzz2DS1wJc9k [Accessed: 29 Nov 2012]. Scribd.com (2012) GDP. [online] Available at: http://www.scribd.com/doc/81376677/GDP [Accessed: 29 Nov 2012]. Scribd.com (2001) FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GDP OF INDIA. [online] Available at: http://www.scribd.com/doc/84520340/FACTORS-INFLUENCING-THE-GDP-OF-INDIA [Accessed: 29 Nov 2012]. Unknown. (2012) [online] Available at: http://web.williams.edu/go/math/sjmiller/public_html/BrownClasses/162/Handouts/StatsTests04.pdf [Accessed: 29 Nov 2012].

Booker T. Washingtons Up from Slavery Essay -- Up from Slavery

The book, Up From Slavery, written by Booker Taliaferro Washington, profoundly touched me when I read it. Washington overcame many obstacles throughout his life. He became perhaps the most prominent black leader of his time. Booker T. Washington belived that African Americans could gain equality by improving their economic situation through education rather than by demanding equal rights. Washington’s life story was told during the mid to late 1800’s into the early 1900’s, in the time when the Emancipation Proclamation had gone into effect. The Emancipation Proclamation was one major event in history that forever changed our country. All slaves were free and had to go find a new place to live and a new place to work. When the slaves were first freed there was alot ofhostile feelings from the whites towards the newly freed slaves. To blacks living within post- Reconstruction South, Washington offered industrial education as the means of escape from sharecropping and allowed blacks to become self-employed, while owning their own land, or small business. Booker over came the obstacles of the free black man by educating himself and other blacks to become â€Å"equal† to whites. Until the start of World War I African Americans had a difficult time. His speaking tours and private persuasion tried to equalize public educational opportunities and to reduce racial violence. There were many gains earned after the Civil War seemed lost by the time of World War I because racial violence and lynching reached an all time high. However, both the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the National Urban League (NUL) were founded by blacks and whites during this time. Both of these major civil rights organizations make efforts on the part of blacks and their white allies to insure that the United States provides "freedom and justice to all". The year of Washington's death marked the beginning of the Great Migration from the rural South to the urban North. He is known as one of the best civil rights leaders for the African American people in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s. Booker began his life as a slave for the Burroughs family. He was born in Franklin Co., Virginia around the year 1858 or 1859, he was not sure exactly when he was born because there was never any paper work kept on slaves. His mo... ...to be equally educated. His speeches not only attracted the black people but also, northern and southern white people. Booker worked hard for all that he achieved during his life time. People all over were followers of Booker T. Washington. One example of how much these followers appreciated Washington is through raising money for a trip to Europe. Not just anyone went to Europe in those days. The trip showed how much the people appreciated Booker’s efforts for civil rights and education of blacks. They sent him and his wife away for three months of strictly relaxation. I believe that this is a very inspirational book giving the message â€Å"you can do anything if you put your mind to it†. Booker shows his reader this through all the things he does in his life time. This book was a very enjoyable book to read. I would highly recommend all people to read Up From Slavery to see the impact Booker T. Washington had on the African American civil rights that are present in the United States today. I believe that Up From Slavery showed how blacks improved their economic situation through gaining education. Bibliography: Up From Slavery by Booker T. Washington

On the Importance of the Educational Experience Essay

In Democracy and Education Dewey presents his views regarding the three functions of education. He gives the main function of education, these being: (1) Education should simplify and order the factors of the dispositions it wants to develop, (2) Education should purify and idealize existing social customs, and (3) Education should create a wider and better balanced environment which will influence the young (Dewey 37). He notes that these stand as a requirement for enabling the development of a progressive and democratic society wherein he defines a progressive society as one in which â€Å"individual variations are considered precious†¦ (thereby) allowing for intellectual freedom and the play of diverse gifts and interests in its educational measure† (Dewey 451). Dewey’s views thereby relate the importance of the experience within educational institutions to that of ensuring democracy within a particular community. Since the foundations of democracy are that of liberty and equality, Dewey places emphasis on the necessity of ensuring that intellectual freedom may be practiced within the context of an institution that allows diversity. Within educational systems, an example of this can be seen in the practice of coeducation. As opposed to this view, however, Link Byfield, in his article â€Å"If Girls Can Succeed Only at the Expense of Boys, Maybe We Need Segregated Schools† claims that the implementation of coeducational systems leads to the development of sexism within the system which proves detrimental to the non-privileged sex. In line with this, the tasks of this paper are the following: (1) It seeks to present the views presented by Byfield in his article above and (2) It aims to present an analysis of his argument in line with how coeducation has helped in the presentation of more views in the different subjects within the educational institution and how these views enable the expansion of the educational process. Byfield (2008) argues that increase in the scores of high school girls in the School Achievement Indicators Program (SAIP) in Canada shows that there is ‘regress’ in the educational system. The bases for his claim are the following. He claims that low proficiency of high school boys in language skills and low number of high school boys who have graduated within the time-frame of the survey. He thereby opposes the view presented by the SAIP that school systems within favor the members of both sexes. The bases for SAIP’s conclusion are the following views. First, â€Å"high school girls on average are matching boys in the technology related subjects of math and science, and are far ahead in language skills† and second the ratio of the number of graduates shows that more girls are graduating as opposed to boys. In line with this, Byfield notes, given that a change in the system [from male-oriented to female-oriented] led to the ‘regress’ in the educational achievement of male students, the author argues that it is necessary to segregate students in terms of sex. The basis for his claim is the view that sexism continues to be practiced within educational institutions. He notes that this is apparent in the shift of power from the boys to the girls. He says, â€Å"Now girls seem to run everything†¦ the boys’ just tune out†. In addition to this, he says that the adaptation of a segregated system will allow the individual to be socialized in a natural environment which will allow him to be prepared for the ‘real life’. He further argues that this will not â€Å"offend the ‘social imperative’† in the sense that it will create a society â€Å"driven by misunderstanding, ignorance, selfishness, and distrust†, on the other hand, such a setting will free the individual from an environment characterized by â€Å"moshpits of vulgarity where youth is free to run itself according to the values it has absorbed from MachMusic and 12 years of automatic passing and parent-free sex instruction†.

Anger Is A Common Emotion Of The World - 2013 Words

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